There have been significant developments in the design and application of algorithms for both one-dimensional signal processing and multidimensional signal processing, namely image and video processing, with the recent focus changing from a step-by-step procedure of designing the algorithm first and following up with in-depth analysis and performance improvement to instead applying heuristic-based methods to solve signal-processing problems.In this book the contributing authors demonstrate both general-purpose algorithms and those aimed at solving specialized application problems, with a special emphasis on heuristic iterative optimization methods employing modern evolutionary and swarm intelligence based techniques. The applications considered are in domains such as communications engineering, estimation and tracking, digital filter design, wireless sensor networks, bioelectric signal classification, image denoising, and image feature tracking.The book presents interesting, state-of-the-art methodologies for solving real-world problems and it is a suitable reference for researchers and engineers in the areas of heuristics and signal processing.