The binary system of counting, which uses only 1s and 0s, lies at the heart of computational algorithms. Every number, every bit of data, every voice communication, and every video can, in essence, be expressed as a string of 1s and 0s. In physical terms, deep within the innards of the computer, silicon chips create those 1s and 0s through a series of switches whose structure is etched onto wafer-thin silicon integrated circuits. The beauty of cyberspace and its genius lies in recognizing the universal power of these simple 1s and 0s. The rapidity with which they can be manipulated has, over the past decades, increased exponentially. And that explosion in computing power has fostered a wild explosion of new technology. Hardly a day goes by without th...