Essential Information about Algorithms and Data Structures A Classic Reference The latest version of Sedgewick's best-selling series, reflecting an indispensable body of knowledge developed over the past several decades. Broad Coverage Full treatment of data structures and algorithms for sorting, searching, graph processing, and string processing, including fifty algorithms every programmer should know. See algs4.cs.princeton.edu/code. Completely Revised Code New Java implementations written in an accessible modular programming style, where all of the code is exposed to the reader and ready to use. Engages with Applications Algorithms are studied in the context of important scientific, engineering, and commercial applications. Clients and algorithms are expressed in real code, not the pseudo-code found in many other books. Intellectually Stimulating Engages reader interest with clear, concise text, detailed examples with visuals, carefully crafted code, historical and scientific context, and exercises at all levels. A Scientific Approach Develops precise statements about performance, supported by appropriate mathematical models and empirical studies validating those models. Integrated with the Web Visit algs4.cs.princeton.edu for a freely accessible, comprehensive Web site, including text digests, program code, test data, programming projects, exercises, lecture slides, and other resources. Contents Chapter 1: Fundamentals Programming Model Data Abstraction Bags, Stacks, and Queues Analysis of Algorithms Case Study: Union-Find Chapter 2: Sorting Elementary Sorts Mergesort Quicksort Priority Queues Applications Chapter 3: Searching Symbol Tables Binary Search Trees Balanced Search Trees Hash Tables Applications Chapter 4: Graphs Undirected Graphs Directed Graphs Minimum Spanning Trees Shortest Paths Chapter 5: Strings String Sorts Tries Substring Search Regular Expressions Data Compression Chapter 6: Context